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Page 1
Page 42: Chapter 4 Warm-Up
Rashid wants to find the total number of pens without counting each one. How can we solve it quickly?
7 groups of 5 pens = 35
Remember
Use grouping to find the total quickly.
Try it
What is 7 groups of 5?
Multiplication and Division
Study
20 pages
Multiplication and Division
Let's explore the multiplication and division chapter page by page, starting with the table of 3 and the table of 4.
What you'll learn
Main skills from this lesson
Learn multiplication tables from 3 to 9
Use splitting, column method and number sense
Solve sharing and grouping problems
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Page 2
Page 43: Table of 3
Build the multiplication table of 3 and notice the pattern.
| 3 + 3 +... | 3 x n | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3 | 1 x 3 = 3 |
| 2 | 3 + 3 | 2 x 3 = 6 |
| 3 | 3 + 3 + 3 | 3 x 3 = 9 |
| 4 | 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 | 4 x 3 = 12 |
| 5 | 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 | 5 x 3 = 15 |
| 6 | 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 | 6 x 3 = 18 |
Remember
Count by 3s to see the pattern in the table.
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Page 3
Page 44: Table of 4
Count in 4s to complete the table of 4.
| 4 + 4 +... | 4 x n | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4 | 1 x 4 = 4 |
| 2 | 4 + 4 | 2 x 4 = 8 |
| 3 | 4 + 4 + 4 | 3 x 4 = 12 |
| 4 | 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 | 4 x 4 = 16 |
| 5 | 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 | 5 x 4 = 20 |
| 6 | 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 | 6 x 4 = 24 |
Remember
The 2 times table helps us understand the 4 times table.
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Page 4
Page 45: Tables of 6, 7, 8 and 9
Study the tables of 6, 7, 8 and 9. Discuss the products and notice the pattern.
Workbook
Table of 6
Answer: 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60
Table of 7
Answer: 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70
Table of 8
Answer: 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, 72, 80
Table of 9
Answer: 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81, 90
Remember
Discuss the relationship between the 2, 4 and 8 times tables, and the 3, 6 and 9 times tables.
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Page 5
Page 46: Exercise 1
Match the related facts and write the products.
Match the multiplication facts and the product by colouring them alike.
Remember
Look for matching products and repeated addition facts.
Practice
7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 =?
42
8 + 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 =?
64
6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 =?
54
9 x 8 =?
72
3 x 9 =?
27
4 x 6 =?
24
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Page 6
Page 47: Multiplication by 10 and 100
To multiply by 10, write zero in ones place. To multiply by 100, write zero in tens and ones places.
4 x 10 = 40 5 x 100 = 500 3 x 400 = 1200
Remember
When multiplying by 10 or 100, keep the digits and add zeroes.
Practice
6 x 10 =?
60
15 x 10 =?
150
2 x 300 =?
600
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Page 7
Page 48: Multiplication Using Splitting Strategy
A tray can hold 10 buttons. How many buttons can 5 trays hold? Use splitting to solve bigger numbers too.
24 x 10 = 240 13 x 9 = 117
Remember
Split the number into tens and ones, then solve part by part.
Practice
5 x 10 =?
50
24 x 10 =?
240
13 x 9 =?
117
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Page 8
Page 49: Multiplication Using Column Method
Multiply 18 by 2 and 134 by 5 using the column method.
| H | T | O |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8 | x 2 |
| 1 | 3 | 4 x 5 |
Remember
Start from the ones place, carry to the next column, and finish at the hundreds.
Practice
18 x 2 =?
36
134 x 5 =?
670
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Page 9
Page 50: Exercise 2
Multiply the following questions using splitting strategy.
Create word problems for the following multiplication and division facts.
Remember
Use the hints to write your own word problems.
Practice
21 x 5
105
68 x 9
612
25 x 9
225
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Page 10
Page 51: Multiplication of Bigger Numbers
Use multiplication by 10 and 100 for bigger numbers.
5 x 100 = 500 3 x 400 = 1200
Remember
Think of tens and hundreds as groups.
Practice
4 x 10 =?
40
6 x 10 =?
60
2 x 300 =?
600
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Page 11
Page 52: Complete the Multiplication Facts
Complete the multiplication facts.
Division of bigger numbers.
Division means sharing equally. The symbol of division is ÷. The answer of division fact is called quotient.
24 ÷ 6 = 4 24 - 6 = 18 18 - 6 = 12 12 - 6 = 6 6 - 6 = 0
Remember
24 stickers shared equally among 6 students means each student gets 4 stickers.
Practice
4 x 200 =?
800
4 x 10 =?
40
1 x __ = 900
900
2 x 300 =?
600
3 x __ = 900
300
5 x __ = 50
10
2 x 400 =?
800
6 x __ = 600
100
4 x 100 =?
400
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Page 12
Page 53: Division Using Multiplication Tables
Use multiplication tables to find division answers. Then begin the long division method.
5 x 6 = 30 So, 30 ÷ 6 = 5 Also, 30 ÷ 5 = 6
Remember
Division is the opposite of multiplication.
Practice
30 ÷ 6 =?
5
30 ÷ 5 =?
6
39 beads shared among 3 bracelets =? each
13
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Page 13
Page 54: Long Division Method
Let us divide 39 by 3.
Step 1: Divide the digit at the tens place in the dividend.
Step 2: Divide the digit at the ones place in the dividend.
39 ÷ 3 3 ÷ 3 = 1 9 ÷ 3 = 3 Thus, 39 ÷ 3 = 13
Remember
Use tokens to divide 64 by 4 and find how many each group gets.
Practice
3 ÷ 3 =?
1
9 ÷ 3 =?
3
39 ÷ 3 =?
13
64 ÷ 4 =?
16
14
Page 14
Page 55: Exercise 3
Find the quotient using multiplication tables.
Solve the following using the long division method.
Remember
Use multiplication tables to check your division answers.
Practice
36 ÷ 6 =?
6
45 ÷ 9 =?
5
64 ÷ 8 =?
8
72 ÷ 9 =?
8
54 ÷ 6 =?
9
36 ÷ 4 =?
9
66 ÷ 6 =?
11
84 ÷ 4 =?
21
95 ÷ 5 =?
19
99 ÷ 9 =?
11
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Page 15
Page 56: Division in Daily Life
Aliya bought 3 jars of candies. There are 15 candies in each jar. How many candies are there in total? How many candies will each friend get?
| Jar 1 | Jar 2 | Jar 3 |
|---|---|---|
| 15 | 15 | 15 |
Remember
Find the total first, then share equally.
Practice
3 jars of 15 candies =?
45
45 candies shared among 9 friends =? each
5
16
Page 16
Page 58: Exercise 4
Solve the following problems.
Create word problems for the following multiplication and division facts.
Remember
Read each story carefully and decide whether it is multiplication or division.
Practice
Samiyya is 9 years old. Her grandfather is 7 times as old as Samiyya. What is the age of Samiyya's grandfather?
63
Irene had a book with 72 pages and reads 9 pages daily. In how many days will she finish?
8
4 friends shared 96 prize money equally. How much did each friend get?
24
A family produces about 3 kg of kitchen waste in a week. How much in a year?
156 kg
A pair of shoes costs 380. Find the cost of 2 such pairs.
760
84 notebooks shared equally among 7 students. How many each?
12
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Page 17
Page 59: Division by Grouping
Step 3: Divide the ones. Remaining tens are regrouped as ones. Each group gets one 10 and 6 ones. So, 64 ÷ 4 = 16.
64 ÷ 4 = 16
Remember
Group the tens first, then divide the ones.
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Page 18
Page 60: Exercise 3 Continued
Complete the following table.
Solve the multiplication and division in daily life.
| Fact | Related Fact |
|---|---|
| 6 x 7 | 42 ÷ 6 |
| 7 x 8 | 56 ÷ 8 |
| 9 x 6 | 54 ÷ 9 |
Remember
Multiplication and division are related facts.
Practice
6 x 7 =?
42
42 ÷ 6 =?
7
7 x 8 =?
56
56 ÷ 8 =?
7
9 x 6 =?
54
54 ÷ 9 =?
6
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Page 19
Page 62: Division Word Problems
Use the vegetable stall and shopping list to complete the table and answer the questions.
| Vegetable | Price | Quantity | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carrots | 15 | 2 | 30 |
| Potato | 18 | 5 | 90 |
Remember
Discuss your answers with a friend.
Practice
If you have 200, which vegetable combinations would you buy?
Open answer
Madheeha and her mother will pay how much?
Open answer
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Page 20
Page 63: Chapter Review
The chapter ends with review problems, multiplication facts and sharing problems. Solve the mixed questions and discuss the long division method.
Remember
Check your work and see how multiplication and division connect.
Practice
36 ÷ 6 =?
6
72 ÷ 9 =?
8
64 ÷ 4 =?
16
25 x 9 =?
225
Great work
Continue with quizzes, flashcards, or games when you are ready.