Study

14 pages

Fractions

Chapter 5: Fractions. We will recognise equivalent fractions, use unit fractions on a number line, and add, subtract, multiply and divide simple fractions.

What you'll learn

Main skills from this lesson

Recognise and form equivalent fractions

Locate unit fractions on a number line

Add, subtract, multiply and divide simple fractions

Page 1

Page 64: Fractions

Colour the pizzas and match each pizza with the correct fraction.

Count the fruits and write the fractions in the boxes.

🍕 🍕 🍕 🍕 🍕 🍕 🍕
1/2 | 1 | 2/3 | 3/4 | 1/8 | 1/3 | 1/4

Remember

A whole can be split into equal parts, and each part can be named with a fraction.

Practice

A pizza cut into 2 equal parts and one part eaten is called what?

1/2

What is 1 out of 4 equal parts called?

1/4

The example fruit basket shows what fraction for the plums?

4/9

Try it

Which fraction means one-half?

Page 2

Page 65: Equivalent Fractions

Look at the part of pizza eaten by 5 friends in a get together. Write the fraction of pizza.

Discuss how different fractions can have the same value.

1/2 = 2/4 = 3/6 = 5/10

Remember

Equivalent fractions have different numerators and denominators but the same value.

Practice

Hana's pizza is divided into how many parts?

Hana ate what fraction of her pizza?

1/2

Firdaus's pizza is divided into how many parts?

Firdaus ate what fraction of his pizza?

2/4

Aminath ate what fraction of her pizza?

3/6

Bashir ate what fraction of his pizza?

4/8

Maziya ate what fraction of her pizza?

5/10

Page 3

Page 66: Exercise 1

Write the equivalent fractions.

Tick the pairs of equivalent fractions.

Remember

Use the shape models to see which fractions cover the same amount.

Practice

1/3 = 3/__

1/2 = 4/__

__ / __ = 4/4

8/8

1/4 = 2/__

Is 1/3 and 2/6 equivalent?

Yes

Is 5/6 and 11/17 equivalent?

Is 2/7 and 6/21 equivalent?

Is 2/5 and 8/20 equivalent?

Yes

Is 3/4 and 6/8 equivalent?

Yes

Is 3/4 and 5/7 equivalent?

Try it

Which pair is equivalent?

Page 4

Page 67: Compare Fractions

Draw and write an equivalent fraction for each fraction.

Comparing fractions: arrange the names of chefs from least to most and write the fractions in ascending order.

Remember

Fractions with the same value can look different but still mean the same amount.

Practice

1/2 = __ /4

2/4

1/4 = __ /8

2/8

1/5 = __ /10

2/10

1/3 = __ /6

2/6

Name order from least to most pastries sold

Firdhaus, Dhawood, Khalid

Fractions in ascending order

1/4, 1/3, 2/3

Page 5

Page 68: Exercise 2

Draw and compare fractions. Use < or >.

Represent the fractions on number line.

Write the fractions in descending order.

A. Addition and Subtraction of Fractions

Remember

For unit fractions, the larger the denominator, the smaller the piece.

Practice

1/3? 1/5

1/6? 1/2

1/7? 1/3

1/9? 1/10

1/6 on the number line

Between 0 and 1

1/8 on the number line

Between 0 and 1

1/3 on the number line

Between 0 and 1

Fractions in descending order

1/3, 1/6, 1/8

Page 6

Page 69: Addition and Subtraction of Fractions

Colour the parts eaten by Zeenath and Faizan in different colours. Then add them to find how many parts of the chocolate they ate together.

1/4 + 2/4 = 3/4
1 - 3/4 = 1/4

Remember

The numerator is the sum of the parts eaten, and the denominator stays the same.

Practice

Total parts of the chocolate

Parts eaten

Fraction eaten together

3/4

Fraction left

1/4

Page 7

Page 70: Exercise 3

Add the fractions using fraction cards.

Add the following fractions by colouring the relevant parts.

Subtract the following.

Remember

When the denominators are the same, add or subtract the numerators only.

Practice

1/4 + 2/4

3/4

1/2 + 2/2

3/2

3/4 + 4/4

7/4

2/4 + 1/4 + 1/4

2/5 + 1/5 + 1/5

4/5

1/6 + 2/6 + 3/6

2/8 + 3/8 + 1/8

6/8

4/4 - 2/4

2/4

4/4 - 1/4

3/4

2/2 - 1/2

1/2

Page 8

Page 71: Multiplying Fractions

Four friends drew a picture. Each person used half a sheet of the same size. How many full sheets were used in all?

C. Division of Fractions

Thaufeeg has a packet of 3 chocolates. He eats only half a chocolate every day. How many days will he take to finish all chocolates?

4 x 1/2 = 2
3 ÷ 1/2 = 6

Remember

Multiplication is repeated addition. Division is the opposite of multiplication.

Practice

4 x 1/2

4 friends used how many sheets of paper in all?

Number of halves in 1 chocolate

Total number of halves in 3 chocolates

3 ÷ 1/2

Thaufeeg will take how many days?

Page 9

Page 72: Division of Fractions Continued

Let us divide each chocolate into 2 halves.

Use these fraction strips and find the answer to the questions below.

1/2 x 5 = 2 1/2
1/2 x 6 = 3
1/2 x 7 = 3 1/2
1/2 x 8 = 4

Remember

Divide the total chocolate into equal halves to see how many pieces there are.

Practice

2/4 + 1/4

3/4

1/2 + 1/2 + 1/2

3/2

How many ninths make one whole from one-third?

How many tenths make one whole from one-fifth?

How many halves are needed to make two wholes?

Page 10

Page 73: Exercise 4

Use paper cut-outs to answer the following questions.

Divide the following.

Remember

A fraction of a group means sharing the whole group equally.

Practice

1/4 of 3 square-shaped waffles

3/4

1/2 of 3 cookies

1 1/2

1/4 of 4 cheese slices

Number of halves in 4 pizzas

Number of quarters in 5 watermelons

Number of quarters in 3 apples

Try it

How many halves are in 4 pizzas?

Page 11

Page 74: Story Problems and Vocabulary

Solve the following story problems.

Vocabulary: equivalent fractions, one-sixth, portion.

Remember

Read each story carefully and decide whether it is about adding, subtracting, multiplying or dividing fractions.

Practice

Saniya's younger brother drinks 1/2 glass of juice every day for a week. How many glasses in a week?

3 1/2

1/5 + 2/5 packet of sugar used

3/5

Who has the longer ribbon?

Meena

5 packets of cookies with 1/2 packet to each student = how many students?

4 bottles of juice with 1/4 bottle to each guest = how many guests?

A portion means what?

A part of a whole

Page 12

Page 75: Put Your Thinking Cap On

Match each sequence to its rule.

Sort the fractions into the circles.

Can you think of a number whose one-fourth part is 6? Use counters to work it out.

Remember

Fractions can grow or shrink by following a rule.

Practice

1/6, 2/6, 4/6 -> rule

Multiply by 2

2/3, 1/3, 0 -> rule

Subtract one-third

1/4, 2/4, 3/4 -> rule

Add a quarter

1/2, 1/4, 1/8 -> rule

Divide by 2

Number whose one-fourth part is 6

Half of 24

One-third of 24

Page 13

Page 76: What Do You Know?

Look at how much water 4 friends drank from their bottles in an hour. Write their names in ascending order according to their water intake.

Remember

Compare the amounts from least to most.

Practice

Ascending order of water intake

Fida, Anjum, Arif, Samar

Page 14

Page 77: Final Practice

Tick the pair of fractions that make a whole.

How many groups of 1/2 are in 6 wholes?

Fill in the blanks using half-circle cut-outs.

Remember

This page wraps up the chapter with halves and whole-number relationships.

Practice

How many groups of 1/2 are in 6 wholes?

1/2 x 1

1/2

1/2 x 3

1 1/2

1/2 x 5

2 1/2

1/2 x 6

1/2 x 7

3 1/2

1/2 x 8

Try it

How many halves are in 6 wholes?

Great work

Continue with quizzes, flashcards, or games when you are ready.

Fractions

Study

14 pages

Fractions

Chapter 5: Fractions. We will recognise equivalent fractions, use unit fractions on a number line, and add, subtract, multiply and divide simple fractions.

What you'll learn

Main skills from this lesson

Recognise and form equivalent fractions

Locate unit fractions on a number line

Add, subtract, multiply and divide simple fractions

Page 1

Page 64: Fractions

Colour the pizzas and match each pizza with the correct fraction.

Count the fruits and write the fractions in the boxes.

🍕 🍕 🍕 🍕 🍕 🍕 🍕
1/2 | 1 | 2/3 | 3/4 | 1/8 | 1/3 | 1/4

Remember

A whole can be split into equal parts, and each part can be named with a fraction.

Practice

A pizza cut into 2 equal parts and one part eaten is called what?

1/2

What is 1 out of 4 equal parts called?

1/4

The example fruit basket shows what fraction for the plums?

4/9

Try it

Which fraction means one-half?

Page 2

Page 65: Equivalent Fractions

Look at the part of pizza eaten by 5 friends in a get together. Write the fraction of pizza.

Discuss how different fractions can have the same value.

1/2 = 2/4 = 3/6 = 5/10

Remember

Equivalent fractions have different numerators and denominators but the same value.

Practice

Hana's pizza is divided into how many parts?

Hana ate what fraction of her pizza?

1/2

Firdaus's pizza is divided into how many parts?

Firdaus ate what fraction of his pizza?

2/4

Aminath ate what fraction of her pizza?

3/6

Bashir ate what fraction of his pizza?

4/8

Maziya ate what fraction of her pizza?

5/10

Page 3

Page 66: Exercise 1

Write the equivalent fractions.

Tick the pairs of equivalent fractions.

Remember

Use the shape models to see which fractions cover the same amount.

Practice

1/3 = 3/__

1/2 = 4/__

__ / __ = 4/4

8/8

1/4 = 2/__

Is 1/3 and 2/6 equivalent?

Yes

Is 5/6 and 11/17 equivalent?

Is 2/7 and 6/21 equivalent?

Is 2/5 and 8/20 equivalent?

Yes

Is 3/4 and 6/8 equivalent?

Yes

Is 3/4 and 5/7 equivalent?

Try it

Which pair is equivalent?

Page 4

Page 67: Compare Fractions

Draw and write an equivalent fraction for each fraction.

Comparing fractions: arrange the names of chefs from least to most and write the fractions in ascending order.

Remember

Fractions with the same value can look different but still mean the same amount.

Practice

1/2 = __ /4

2/4

1/4 = __ /8

2/8

1/5 = __ /10

2/10

1/3 = __ /6

2/6

Name order from least to most pastries sold

Firdhaus, Dhawood, Khalid

Fractions in ascending order

1/4, 1/3, 2/3

Page 5

Page 68: Exercise 2

Draw and compare fractions. Use < or >.

Represent the fractions on number line.

Write the fractions in descending order.

A. Addition and Subtraction of Fractions

Remember

For unit fractions, the larger the denominator, the smaller the piece.

Practice

1/3? 1/5

1/6? 1/2

1/7? 1/3

1/9? 1/10

1/6 on the number line

Between 0 and 1

1/8 on the number line

Between 0 and 1

1/3 on the number line

Between 0 and 1

Fractions in descending order

1/3, 1/6, 1/8

Page 6

Page 69: Addition and Subtraction of Fractions

Colour the parts eaten by Zeenath and Faizan in different colours. Then add them to find how many parts of the chocolate they ate together.

1/4 + 2/4 = 3/4
1 - 3/4 = 1/4

Remember

The numerator is the sum of the parts eaten, and the denominator stays the same.

Practice

Total parts of the chocolate

Parts eaten

Fraction eaten together

3/4

Fraction left

1/4

Page 7

Page 70: Exercise 3

Add the fractions using fraction cards.

Add the following fractions by colouring the relevant parts.

Subtract the following.

Remember

When the denominators are the same, add or subtract the numerators only.

Practice

1/4 + 2/4

3/4

1/2 + 2/2

3/2

3/4 + 4/4

7/4

2/4 + 1/4 + 1/4

2/5 + 1/5 + 1/5

4/5

1/6 + 2/6 + 3/6

2/8 + 3/8 + 1/8

6/8

4/4 - 2/4

2/4

4/4 - 1/4

3/4

2/2 - 1/2

1/2

Page 8

Page 71: Multiplying Fractions

Four friends drew a picture. Each person used half a sheet of the same size. How many full sheets were used in all?

C. Division of Fractions

Thaufeeg has a packet of 3 chocolates. He eats only half a chocolate every day. How many days will he take to finish all chocolates?

4 x 1/2 = 2
3 ÷ 1/2 = 6

Remember

Multiplication is repeated addition. Division is the opposite of multiplication.

Practice

4 x 1/2

4 friends used how many sheets of paper in all?

Number of halves in 1 chocolate

Total number of halves in 3 chocolates

3 ÷ 1/2

Thaufeeg will take how many days?

Page 9

Page 72: Division of Fractions Continued

Let us divide each chocolate into 2 halves.

Use these fraction strips and find the answer to the questions below.

1/2 x 5 = 2 1/2
1/2 x 6 = 3
1/2 x 7 = 3 1/2
1/2 x 8 = 4

Remember

Divide the total chocolate into equal halves to see how many pieces there are.

Practice

2/4 + 1/4

3/4

1/2 + 1/2 + 1/2

3/2

How many ninths make one whole from one-third?

How many tenths make one whole from one-fifth?

How many halves are needed to make two wholes?

Page 10

Page 73: Exercise 4

Use paper cut-outs to answer the following questions.

Divide the following.

Remember

A fraction of a group means sharing the whole group equally.

Practice

1/4 of 3 square-shaped waffles

3/4

1/2 of 3 cookies

1 1/2

1/4 of 4 cheese slices

Number of halves in 4 pizzas

Number of quarters in 5 watermelons

Number of quarters in 3 apples

Try it

How many halves are in 4 pizzas?

Page 11

Page 74: Story Problems and Vocabulary

Solve the following story problems.

Vocabulary: equivalent fractions, one-sixth, portion.

Remember

Read each story carefully and decide whether it is about adding, subtracting, multiplying or dividing fractions.

Practice

Saniya's younger brother drinks 1/2 glass of juice every day for a week. How many glasses in a week?

3 1/2

1/5 + 2/5 packet of sugar used

3/5

Who has the longer ribbon?

Meena

5 packets of cookies with 1/2 packet to each student = how many students?

4 bottles of juice with 1/4 bottle to each guest = how many guests?

A portion means what?

A part of a whole

Page 12

Page 75: Put Your Thinking Cap On

Match each sequence to its rule.

Sort the fractions into the circles.

Can you think of a number whose one-fourth part is 6? Use counters to work it out.

Remember

Fractions can grow or shrink by following a rule.

Practice

1/6, 2/6, 4/6 -> rule

Multiply by 2

2/3, 1/3, 0 -> rule

Subtract one-third

1/4, 2/4, 3/4 -> rule

Add a quarter

1/2, 1/4, 1/8 -> rule

Divide by 2

Number whose one-fourth part is 6

Half of 24

One-third of 24

Page 13

Page 76: What Do You Know?

Look at how much water 4 friends drank from their bottles in an hour. Write their names in ascending order according to their water intake.

Remember

Compare the amounts from least to most.

Practice

Ascending order of water intake

Fida, Anjum, Arif, Samar

Page 14

Page 77: Final Practice

Tick the pair of fractions that make a whole.

How many groups of 1/2 are in 6 wholes?

Fill in the blanks using half-circle cut-outs.

Remember

This page wraps up the chapter with halves and whole-number relationships.

Practice

How many groups of 1/2 are in 6 wholes?

1/2 x 1

1/2

1/2 x 3

1 1/2

1/2 x 5

2 1/2

1/2 x 6

1/2 x 7

3 1/2

1/2 x 8

Try it

How many halves are in 6 wholes?

Great work

Continue with quizzes, flashcards, or games when you are ready.